Why Did Europe Ban Gel Nail Polish

What Is Gel Nail Polish?

Gel nail polish is a unique kind of nail lacquer that has revolutionized the beauty business thanks to its salon quality gloss durability and shine. In contrast to conventional nail polish which dries by evaporation gel polish uses light reactive chemicals to harden or cure when exposed to a UV or LED lamp As a result it is much more durable and chip resistant.

What Was The Reason Is Gel Nail Polish Banned?

One of the most popular beauty trends of the last ten years has been Gel Nail Polish Gel polishes gained popularity in salons and at home kits due to its glossy shine and ability to resist fading. However the European Union EU banned some gel nail polishes in September 2025 which made beauty buffs wonder and worry.

Firstly Not All Gel Nail Polish Is Banned:

The latest European Union (EU) ban which took effect force on September 1 2025 only applies to gel nail polishes that contain the particular ingredient trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide, or TPO.

What Is TPO?

TPO stands for Trimethylbenzoyl Diphenylphosphine Oxide. Being a photo initiator, it is a chemical that, when exposed to UV or LED light, begins a reaction. TPO is the component in gel nail polish that causes the polish to harden, or “cure,” into a long-lasting, glossy finish. Gel polish would remain soft and never fully dried without it.

Types Of Gel Nail Polish:

The two primary varieties of gel nail polish are Hard Gel, a hard substance that needs to be filed off for removal and Soft Gel a conventional polish that can be removed with acetone. Additional categories include Specialty Gels such as polygel for artistic nail art and effects and Builder Gels which strengthen and lengthen natural nails.

Type	Durability	Removal Method	Best For
Soft Gel	2–3 weeks	Soak-off (acetone)	Everyday gel manicures
Hard Gel	3–4 weeks+	Filed off	Extensions & nail art
Builder Gel	3–4 weeks+	Filed off	Strength & length
Hybrid Gel	1–2 weeks	Normal remover	DIY users
Shellac (Hybrid)	~2 weeks	Soak-off	Salon manicures with easier removal

Why Gel Nail Polish Uses TPO?

Fast Curing: under UV or LED lights, polish sets more quickly.
Durability: promises that manicures won’t chip for two to three weeks.
Glossy Look: provides nails a glossy, luxurious appearance.
Stability: It is effective for manufacturers since it functions successfully at low levels.

Are TPO Harmful To Human Beings?

However, we must understand that these problems occurred only when TPO was absorbed; while it is not consumed when applied to nails. After the brand reformulated the one polish that included TPO, Bio its whole line is now TPO-free.
A lot of items, including those from well-known companies, are still available on the market that are not TPO free. so it could be wise to choose a brand that is TPO-free.

For What Reason Has TPO Been In Use For So Long?

Mostly due to its low yellowing rate and, more importantly its ability to produce a strong, chip resistant finish. Certain topcoats have the potential to yellow after curing, giving nails an unwanted, slightly off-color tinge. Also, polishes that include TPO pose no risk.

Why Gel Nail Polish Is So Popular:

The endurance of gel polish is one of the main factors influencing consumer choice Gel manicures are perfect for special occasions vacations and people with hectic schedules since they can last for two to three weeks without chipping. Another significant selling point is the glossy finish which remains smooth and brilliant for a long time after application. Additionally gel polish is available in a vast array of hues and designs from delicate neutrals to vivid hues and even imaginative patterns like glitter or ombre. An additional benefit is the speedy drying time because the polish is dried under a light there is no need to wait around or be concerned about smudging freshly painted nails.

How Much TPO Was Used?

Typically, TPO concentrations in gel nail paints varied from 0.5% to 5% of the overall recipe.
The SCCS (Scientific Committee on Consumer Safety) originally thought up to 5% of professional UV-cured nail gels to be safe.
A large portion of the TPO is consumed or reacted during the curing process after it has been applied and cured under UV or LED light. In the final firm polish, only a tiny portion is left.

Are there alternatives for TPO?

Yes, which is why cosmetic companies aren’t really fighting back against those EU regulations. If TPO were the only option, things might be different, but the industry has begun to switch to other photoinitiators, like 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone and ethyl phenyl(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl)phosphinate, also known as TPO-L.

For Professionals Who Use These Items What Does It Mean?

The restriction means that professionals who use TPO-containing items in their daily work, such nail technicians, will no longer be able to use them as of September 1. This holds true whether or not the product was bought prior to the deadline.

All businesses and professionals who sell or provide products containing TPO are required to stop doing so, stop supplying them for professional use, remove any remaining inventory, and look for replacements that comply with the rules. To create TPO-free products, the nail industry is undergoing extensive reformulation efforts.

FAQ’s

What exactly was banned?

A specific ingredient known as trimethylbenzoyl diphenylphosphine oxide (TPO) was outlawed in gel nail polishes by the European Union on September 1, 2025.

Is the UK also banning TPO or overlaying similar restrictions?

Yes, it is anticipated that the UK will follow. Plans were underway to implement such limitations by the end of 2026 under its post-Brexit chemical regulation (REACH).

What are some effects / consequences of the ban?

Until non-TPO alternatives are generally accessible, consumers may notice that certain gel finishes or hues become uncommon or disappear.

Is the ban based on strong human evidence, or is it more precautionary?

It is more precautionary. Rather than direct human trials, the majority of the data relating TPO to hazards originates from animal studies (high dosages).